How HIV Infection Occurs

HIV infection is caused by a virus that is spread from person to person. HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, and it is a virus that attacks the immune system and can lead to AIDS. HIV infection can occur in a number of ways, including through unprotected sex, sharing needles or syringes, contact with infected blood, and from an infected mother to her baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.

Unprotected Sex

One of the most common ways that HIV is spread is through unprotected sex. This means that if either partner is infected with HIV, they can pass the virus to the other partner through sexual contact. HIV can be spread through vaginal, anal, and oral sex if either partner is infected and there is direct contact with blood, semen, or vaginal fluids. It is important to use condoms and other barriers to reduce the risk of HIV transmission during sex.

Sharing Needles or Syringes

Another way that HIV can be spread is through sharing needles or syringes. This is most common among people who use intravenous drugs, but it can also occur among people who get tattoos or piercings. If someone is infected with HIV and they share a needle or syringe with someone else, the virus can be passed to the other person.

Contact With Infected Blood

HIV can also be spread through contact with infected blood. This can occur if someone is exposed to blood from an infected person through a needle stick or other type of injury. This is also a risk for healthcare workers, as they may be exposed to blood from patients who are infected with HIV.

From Mother to Baby

HIV can also be passed from an infected mother to her baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. HIV can be passed from the mother to the baby in the womb, during delivery, or through breastfeeding. If a pregnant woman is HIV-positive, it is important that she receive medical care and treatment to reduce the risk of transmission to her baby.

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